De-Extinction: A Scientist’s Perspective from Inside a Cloning Lab
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In this solo episode of All Creatures Podcast, host Chris reflects on his two-decade journey from a passionate scientist working on animal cloning to a cautious advocate for conservation. Drawing from his firsthand experience with the world's first cloned deer, Dewey, he unpacks the realities behind de-extinction efforts—particularly the mammoth and dire wolf projects. While acknowledging the scientific marvel of cloning, he emphasizes its inefficiency, high failure rates, and ethical concerns, especially regarding animal welfare. He explains that true cloning is impossible for extinct species due to fragmented DNA, and that so-called 'mammoths' are actually genetically engineered hybrids. Chris argues that the massive resources poured into de-extinction could be far more effectively used to protect existing endangered species like the forest elephant, which already play vital ecological roles in carbon sequestration and ecosystem stability. He contrasts the moon landing—a historic, transformative scientific endeavor—with de-extinction, which he sees as a high-cost, low-impact distraction from urgent conservation needs. Ultimately, he calls for a shift in focus: not toward recreating the past, but toward protecting the living ecosystems and species that still exist today.
True cloning of extinct species like mammoths is impossible due to degraded DNA; what's being created are genetically engineered hybrids, not authentic clones.
De-extinction efforts are incredibly inefficient, with success rates below 10% even in well-studied species like horses and cattle.
The resources spent on de-extinction could save multiple endangered species today, such as the Northern white rhino or forest elephant.
Forest elephants are critical ecosystem engineers that enhance carbon storage and biodiversity—protecting them has immediate, measurable climate benefits.
Reintroducing extinct species into modern ecosystems is ecologically unsound, as the original habitats no longer exist.
…and 2 more takeaways available in PodZeus
Introduction: The Future of De-Extinction
Chris introduces the topic of de-extinction, reflecting on his personal journey from a PhD student at Texas A&M to a conservationist, setting the stage for a critical examination of the science and ethics behind bringing extinct species back.
The Reality of Cloning: From Dolly to Dewey
“One success was out of hundreds of attempts that failed. And that's the theme you're going to hear again and again in cloning.”
How Cloning Actually Works: The Science Behind the Headlines
Chris simplifies the cloning process—enucleation, fusion, embryo transfer—and shares data from his own research showing success rates as low as 8% in equids, underscoring the technical and biological hurdles.
The Failed De-Extinction: The Pyrenean Ibex Case
“We did bring a species back from extinction, but this shows you the dangers of cloning because often enough these clones can be born with abnormalities that can lead to death or early death.”
Why Mammoths Can’t Be Cloned: The DNA Reality
“The cold hard truth is the tissue samples we have of mammoths or dire wolves... is fragmented. We don't have an intact nucleus or an intact cell with perfect DNA that we can use to clone.”
“The future of conservation isn't the past. It's in what we choose to protect today.”
“The cold hard truth is the tissue samples we have of mammoths or dire wolves... is fragmented. We don't have an intact nucleus or an intact cell with perfect DNA that we can use to clone.”
“The most powerful climate solution isn't bringing this past back. It's protecting what we still have, and we need to do it today.”
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mammoth
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forest elephant
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dolly the sheep
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northern white rhino
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dewey the deer
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asian elephant
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dire wolf
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pyrenean ibex
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cece the cat
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